Rennell-Bellona is a single-member constituency in the Solomon Islands National Parliament, established in 1976 when the country transitioned to a fully elected legislature ahead of independence in 1978. The constituency covers the two Polynesian outlier islands of Rennell and Bellona, located in the southern part of the country and forming their own province—Rennell and Bellona Province.

As one of the smaller constituencies in terms of population, it has often played a unique role in Solomon Islands politics due to its geographic and cultural distinctiveness. Over the decades, Rennell-Bellona has elected various Members of Parliament, some of whom have served in ministerial positions, reflecting the constituency’s occasional influence in national politics. Key issues for the constituency have included infrastructure development, environmental protection—particularly in response to mining activities—and education.

The area drew national and international attention in recent years due to environmental concerns linked to bauxite mining on Rennell Island, raising debates over land use, environmental regulation, and indigenous rights.

Despite its small size, Rennell-Bellona continues to be an important voice in Solomon Islands politics, often advocating for the preservation of its cultural heritage and the sustainable development of its islands.